More efficient internal combustion engines.
The above link tells of advances in the good old internal combustion engine. The change is to allow fine tuning of the air and exhaust valves allowing better fuel mixes to be created, leading to more efficient combustion and therefore less fuel usage and polluting emissions.
This sounds great, and very promising. I can envisage a system being developed which determines the optimal fuel mix for different types and qualities of fuel on the fly.

